Theologia et Vita

Isaiah 9:6 gives a newborn titles no reigning son of David ever wore: Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace. Two chapters earlier the sign to Ahaz was a child named Immanuel, God with us, offered to a king too frightened of Aram and Israel to ask for anything wonderful at all (7:10–14). By chapter 11 the royal line has been felled like Judah's oaks under Assyrian axes, and what's left is a stump. A shoot comes up from Jesse's roots anyway (11:1), and the Spirit of Yahweh rests on him: wisdom, might, the fear of Yahweh (11:2-3). Isaiah is describing what the throne of David was built to hold and had never yet managed to bear. The word "servant" shifts under your feet across chapters 41 to 53. In chapter 41 it names the nation, Jacob whom Yahweh has chosen (41:8–9). By chapter 49 the servant's mission includes bringing Jacob back to Yahweh, restoring the very people he was named after (49:5). A servant who exists to save Israel can...

Cross-references are marked with →. Greek examples are drawn from the New Testament. A Note on This Glossary This glossary covers the principal terms a student of Koine Greek will encounter, from the alphabet through advanced syntax, textual criticism, and rhetorical analysis. Entries are arranged alphabetically within lettered sections. Cross-references point to related terms that either define a subtype, contrast with, or clarify the entry in question. Beginner students: work through the grammar entries on morphology and syntax before tackling the textual-critical and rhetorical vocabulary. Intermediate and advanced students will find the entries on verbal aspect, voice, and manuscript studies particularly useful as refreshers or points of comparison. Greek forms in this glossary follow standard Koine orthography with full diacritics. Transliterations are given sparingly, only where they illuminate a morphological point. A ablaut. The alternation of vowels within a word stem to indic...